Voting takes like an hour every 2 years, it’s really not that hard. And yes on election day some areas have very long lines, but everywhere has some form of mail ballot and/or early voting.

It’s so easy there’s no reason not to go do it. I’ve spent more time switching a license at the DMV than voting has ever taken.

Also not a single one of those movements existed in a political vacuum. The threat of violence did exist, but so did the threat of politicians losing their positions. Honestly outside of the labor movements/skirmishes everything else you listed existed well within election politics. The movements were absolutely necessary to effect change, but not an either/or situation by any measure. Both was necessary