The SPR holds mainly crude oil, so you can’t just open a gas station and start selling it. It has to be sent to a refinery first, and once that happens the product that comes out is fungible.

In short it would be logistically simpler to just buy gasoline on the market and subsidize it. The subsidy is only 20-30 cents / gal as well.

How is this meaningful? This graph doesn’t account for inflation

The purple line is adjusted to constant 2011 prices, and the green lines are all adjusted to 2021 prices. So the green and purple lines don’t directly compare to each other, but you can still get some idea of scale.

The direction they’re going in is that overt racism is now fine, in addition to covert racism. As long as there’s also some other non-racial parallel reasoning.

The $5 million is earning interest at the “judicial interest rate”. Which is 4% (and tied to t-bonds) instead of 100%. That’s how the $5 million became $5.8 million during the appeal.

Trump was also probably required to post an appeal bond in cash or other security to cover the entire amount of the judgement plus expected interest. So when Caroll does finally get her money, the check is probably going to come from an escrow service or similar, not from Trump directly.

This includes several few vaccines that are not normally issued to the general public. Like anthrax, rabies, and the bicillin “peanut butter” shot that is known to be really uncomfortable and delivered straight to the butt.

Your car radiator is actually using convection to convect heat into the air.

The spacecraft radiators use radiation to dump heat by emitting infrared photons. Photons do not require a medium. This type of radiator works by maximizing the area of hot surface exposed to empty space (which has an effective temperature of 3 K). They have to be pointed into a dark area and away from the sun. There’s no advantage to fins, because you want to maximize area perpendicular to the dark sky.

Both devices are called radiators, but they are different kinds of devices.

Solar sail effect is going to be dwarfed by regular atmospheric drag in low earth orbit. At perfect right angles the radiation pressure on the panels is 4.5 micro-Pascals. Meanwhile, in low orbit there’s enough residual atmosphere to generate a dynamic pressure (for drag) of 5 milli-Pascals, give or take (and strongly depending on the space weather).

So atmospheric drag is around 1000 times more than photon pressure. And the drag is big enough to be noticeable over weeks and months, requiring regular boosts to stay in orbit.

Something, something about “deep-rooted history and tradition” that protects the federal reserve and not any other Congressionally-created independent commission.

Never mind that the “history and tradition” of central banks in the United States is that two previous banks failed before the federal reserve, and the first one was considered by many founding fathers to be unconstitutional.

Basically, it’s a made-up argument that makes no sense. And all done to protect Justice Robert’s stock portfolio from Trump’s fiscal mismanagement.

Just to be clear: with a marginal tax rate, if your income is $10,000,001, you pay $0.70 tax for the $1, and the rest of the $10,000,000 is taxed according to the lower tax brackets.

The first $50,000 of that $10 million is taxed just like the guy that only made $50,000.

The US tax system is slightly more complicated than this, but there’s no situation where you can get stuck with a huge additional bill because you edged slightly into the next higher tax bracket.