Through the same process of non-determinism I just described. Lawyers asked ChatGPT to find cases so they could be cited in their arguments, and it gave them “sources” that were just bupkis.

It’s the same chat window, going to the same flawed machine. If you doubt the machine the first time, what makes you want to trust it the second or third time?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mata_v._Avianca,_Inc.

“Is varghese a real case,” reads one message, referencing Varghese v. China Southern Airlines Co Ltd, one of the cases that no other lawyer could find.

ChatGPT responds that yes, it is - prompting “S” to ask: “What is your source”.

After “double checking”, ChatGPT responds again that the case is real and can be found on legal reference databases such as LexisNexis and Westlaw.

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-65735769